José Antonio Primo de Rivera

José Antonio Primo de Rivera (1903–1936) was a Spanish lawyer, politician, and founder of Falange Española, the principal political movement associated with Spanish Falangism. Born in Madrid, he was the eldest son of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, who governed Spain as dictator from 1923 to 1930. After studying law at the University of Madrid, José Antonio entered politics and founded Falange Española in October 1933, which merged with the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (JONS) in 1934.

Primo de Rivera developed a political doctrine centered on Spanish national unity, National Syndicalism, and the rejection of liberal parliamentarism and Marxist class struggle. His writings advocated a centralized authoritarian state and an economic order organized through national syndicates. He articulated much of his political thought through speeches, essays, and the Falange's Twenty-Seven Points. Arrested in March 1936, he was executed by Republican authorities in Alicante on November 20, 1936, during the Spanish Civil War. After his death, his writings became central to the ideological symbolism of Francoist Spain.

Works

• Selected Writings1972

  José Antonio Primo de Rivera · 238 pages